Access control systems are electronic systems used to limit and monitor who, when and where people access certain areas of a site. They can be as simple or as intelligent as required, and are operated via Analogue or IP networks.
Access control systems are widely used in applications such as apartment blocks, offices, colleges and government buildings. Systems can also be utilised on turnstiles, gates, barriers and automatic doors.
A system usually comprises of an electric lock attached to a door, with a reader or pin pad installed. When the correct card, fob, code or smart card is presented to the reader or keypad the intelligent system will check its database of programmed users, and if they are authorised it will grant access by releasing the lock.
Biometrics, used in an access control environment, is a means of securely granting access without the need to carry a card/fob or remember a pin code.
This is achieved by scanning parts of the body such as a finger, hand or iris, to allow access to an individual.
A proximity card or fob has the advantage over a swipe card reader since it requires no physical contact. The average read range is up to 100mm, so when a card or fob is presented to a reader the lock is released without direct contact being required.
Long-range readers can also be used to allow access from greater distances, such as barrier control access from inside a car.
A smart card works in a similar way to a proximity card. However, because a smart card has the ability to store additional information.
They can also be used for additional purposes such as cashless vending, photocopying credit and logging onto a laptop.
One of the most common types of access control systems is the keypad. The keypad has a numbered display of push buttons, and can come in many forms including touch-sensitive.
When a correct code is entered the keypad recognises it and grants access by unlocking the door.
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